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Special Relativity Formula:
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The relative speed formula in special relativity calculates how velocities combine when objects are moving at significant fractions of the speed of light. Unlike classical mechanics where velocities simply add or subtract, special relativity accounts for the fact that no object can exceed the speed of light.
The calculator uses the special relativity velocity addition formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula ensures that the resulting relative speed never exceeds the speed of light, even when both velocities approach c.
Details: At high velocities approaching the speed of light, classical mechanics fails to accurately describe motion. Special relativity provides the correct framework for understanding how velocities combine in these extreme conditions.
Tips: Enter velocities in meters per second. The speed of light is preset to 300,000,000 m/s but can be modified if needed. All values must be non-negative.
Q1: Why is this formula different from simple subtraction?
A: At everyday speeds, the difference is negligible, but as velocities approach the speed of light, relativistic effects become significant and must be accounted for.
Q2: What happens if both velocities equal the speed of light?
A: The relative speed would also equal the speed of light, never exceeding it, which is consistent with special relativity.
Q3: When do relativistic effects become noticeable?
A: Typically when velocities exceed about 10% of the speed of light (30,000,000 m/s).
Q4: Can the result be negative?
A: Yes, negative results indicate the direction of relative motion.
Q5: What are practical applications of this calculation?
A: Particle physics, astrophysics, GPS systems, and any scenario involving objects moving at relativistic speeds.