1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is one of the most commonly used units for concentration in chemistry and biology.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• Mass — Mass of solute in grams
• MW — Molecular weight of solute in g/mol
• Volume — Volume of solution in liters

Explanation: The formula calculates how many moles of solute are present per liter of solution, providing the concentration measurement.

3. Importance of Molarity Calculation

Details: Accurate molarity calculations are essential for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, which is critical for experiments, chemical reactions, and biological assays.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in grams, molecular weight in g/mol, and volume in liters. All values must be valid positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity is temperature-dependent, while molality is not.

Q2: How do I convert between different concentration units?
A: Conversions require knowing the density of the solution and molecular weight of the solute. Specialized conversion calculators are available for this purpose.

Q3: Why is molecular weight important in molarity calculations?
A: Molecular weight converts mass to moles, which is essential for calculating the number of particles in a given mass of substance.

Q4: Can I use this calculator for dilutions?
A: This calculator calculates initial molarity. For dilution calculations, you would need to use the dilution formula M₁V₁ = M₂V₂.

Q5: What precision should I use for laboratory work?
A: For most laboratory applications, 4 significant figures is sufficient, but always follow your specific protocol requirements.