1. What Is Momentum?

Momentum is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the quantity of motion an object has. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction, and is calculated as the product of an object's mass and velocity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the momentum equation:

Where:

• \( p \) — Momentum (kg·m/s)
• \( m \) — Mass (kg)
• \( v \) — Velocity (m/s)

Explanation: The momentum of an object is directly proportional to both its mass and velocity. Doubling either mass or velocity will double the momentum.

3. Importance of Momentum Calculation

Details: Momentum is a conserved quantity in isolated systems, making it crucial for analyzing collisions and other interactions in physics. It's essential for understanding motion, force applications, and energy transformations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in kilograms and velocity in meters per second. Both values must be positive numbers (mass > 0, velocity ≥ 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Is momentum a vector or scalar quantity?
A: Momentum is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. The direction of momentum is the same as the direction of the velocity.

Q2: How is momentum different from kinetic energy?
A: While both depend on mass and velocity, momentum is a vector quantity (p = m×v) while kinetic energy is a scalar quantity (KE = ½mv²). They are conserved in different ways in physical systems.

Q3: What is the principle of conservation of momentum?
A: In a closed system with no external forces, the total momentum before a collision or interaction equals the total momentum after the interaction.

Q4: Can momentum be negative?
A: Yes, since momentum is a vector quantity, it can be negative when the direction of motion is opposite to the defined positive direction.

Q5: How does impulse relate to momentum?
A: Impulse is the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a time interval (J = F×Δt = Δp).